Tracker boats for sale in Manteca, California

2017 Tracker Targa V-18 WT

$35,845

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Targa V-18 WT

Category Aluminum Fishing Boats

Length 19'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Targa V-18 WT The 2017 TRACKER® Targa™ V-18 WT is a superior guide or tournament boat that's ideal for Great Lakes walleye fishing. It’s built on our legendary, all-welded 35° deadrise Deep V hull with reversed chines for a smooth, dry ride, and safe operation in inclement weather.For 2017, the horsepower rating has been upgraded to 200 for more power and improved performance. The extra-wide gunnels are ready for downriggers, there's plenty of storage inside for rods, gear and more. And it’s backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsDual 8’ in-gunnel rod storage w/rubberized grip panels on extra-wide gunnel topsLighted aft 48-gal. & bow 19-gal. aerated, recirculating livewells w/pump-out systemsAll-welded, 35° deadrise, .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beamFixed driver’s seat & 3 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/6 seat base locationsExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsWelded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for rugged durabilityEasy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decksExclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Sun Tracker Fishin' Barge 24 DLX

$34,115

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Sun Tracker

Model Fishin' Barge 24 DLX

Category Pontoon Boats

Length 26'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Sun Tracker Fishin' Barge 24 DLX More room. More fishing. More fun with family and friends. As our biggest two-log fishing pontoon boat, the FISHIN’ BARGE® 24 DLX invites you and 11 others to come out and experience everything a true fishing pontoon boat has to offer, including dual livewells, four fishing chairs (two fore, two aft) and rod stowage (including a lockable compartment).It’s more than just for fishing, though. With comfortable lounge seating, a sundeck and our new QuickLift™ Bimini top system, the FISHIN’ BARGE 24 DLX also functions as an all out comfort vehicle for relaxing and fun in the sun.Industry-leading 10+LIFE™ warranty24" (60.96 cm) diameter multichambered pontoon logsBuilt-in Rail-Lock™ system for optional mooring coverFore & aft fishing positions w/NEW fold-down fishing chairs (4 total) & rod & drink holders12-gal. (45.42 L) aerated bow livewell & 16-gal. (60.57 L) aerated aft livewell9' (2.74 m) Bimini top w/QuickLift™ deployment system & storage pocketsEasy-to-clean flooring throughoutConsole w/cooler storage space & stereo w/Bluetooth® & USB inputAft L-lounge w/NEW upholstery, underseat storage (including lockable dry compartment), movable drink holder, base for removable table & padded sundeck w/storage belowAft boarding platform w/fold-down ladder

2017 Tracker Pro 170

$15,710

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Pro 170

Category Fishing Boats

Length 17'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Pro 170 The TRACKER® Pro 170 is a value-packed aluminum fishing boat that's loaded to the gills with angler-friendly features. It's a great first boat—or a forever boat—for bass, walleye, crappie, or whatever you and your family like to fish for.With everything you need to go straight from the dealer to the water—including a Mercury® outboard and a custom-matched trailer with GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion and chip protection—the TRACKER Pro 170 will give you the edge wherever you fish. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsNEW Diamond Coat™ finish w/industry-exclusive powder coat & clearcoatNEW fishing seats w/clamshell-styled, contoured, injection-molded hinges & snap-off seat cushionsAll-welded 1-piece hull w/full-length longitudinal stringer system for structural strength1-piece rotomolded console w/windscreen & sport steering wheelStorage in bow deck, under passenger seat & in aft deckClosed, carpeted port rod box for rods to 7' 6" (2.13 m)Bow 15-gal. (56.78 L) aerated livewell w/standpipe overflow & bait bucket holder16-oz. marine-grade, fishing-friendly, Midnight Star cut-pile carpet throughoutFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Tracker Pro Team 195 TXW Tournament Edition

$28,935

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Pro Team 195 TXW Tournament Edition

Category Bass Boats

Length 19'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Pro Team 195 TXW Tournament Edition The TRACKER® Pro Team 195 TXW Tournament Edition includes a package of premium upgrades to help you compete and win, including 2 Lowrance® HOOK-5 color fishfinders, a more powerful trolling motor, an extra battery, an upgraded charger and a bow trailer step and grab handle. Its based in the 195 TXWthe biggest, most powerful all-welded Mod V boat we've ever built.At 18' 7" long and a generous 8 2" beam, it's as smooth and stable as an aluminum bass boat can be. It's also loaded with storage compartments for all your tournament gear, including a center rod locker for 12 rods up to 8' long. It comes standard with a 150HP Mercury® outboard and features our Revolution Mod V hull with Smooth Ride Guarantee. And its backed by the TRACKER Promisethe best factory warranty in aluminum boats. Backed by the TRACKER® Promisethe best factory warranty in aluminum boats White Diamond Coat finish w/industry-exclusive powder coat & clearcoat 2 Lowrance® HOOK-5 color fishfinders w/GPS (bow & console) Minn Kota® Maxxum® 24V, 70-lb. thrust, 42" (1.07 m) shaft, foot-control trolling motor BayStar hydraulic steering 1 cranking & 2 trolling batteries & 3-bank battery charger TRACKER-exclusive all-welded Revolution hull w/Smooth Ride Guarantee 2 movable, folding fishing seats w/clamshell-styled, contoured, pinchless hinges, snap-off cushions & bow and aft seat bases Lighted 27-gal. (102.2 L) aerated, divided livewell, timed & recirculated w/pump-out system & dual overflow drain Factory-matched trailer w/bow step/handle & custom wheels Backed by the TRACKER® Promisethe best factory warranty in aluminum boats TRACKER-exclusive all-welded 1-piece Revolution hull w/Smooth Ride Guarantee All-welded construction w/full-length, robotically-welded stringer & transom for structural strength NEW fishing seats w/clamshell-styled, contoured hinges, snap-off cushions & bow & aft seat base locations Easy-access lockable center rod box w/piston lid-assist for rods to 8' (2.44 m) 6 storage compartments2 bow, 2 aft, 1 under passenger seat & 1 under center seat 27-gal. (60.6 L) aerated, divided livewell w/bait bucket holder, timed & recirculated w/pump-out system & oversized overflow drain Diamond Coat finish w/industry-exclusive powder coat & clearcoat VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnels Factory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Tracker Grizzly 1860 MVX Jon

$5,074

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Grizzly 1860 MVX Jon

Category Jon Boats

Length 18'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Grizzly 1860 MVX Jon Great for hauling lots of gear and people, the TRACKER® GRIZZLY® 1860 MVX aluminum jon boat is large enough and stable enough for fishing, waterfowling, bowfishing or utility work. At 18' 1" and with an ample 7' beam, you can transport deer feeders, coolers and morewith the stable assurance only a big boat can provide.100% aluminum construction with a .100 hull and .190 floor guarantees durability, and the hull, stringer, transom and decks are all-welded to for a rock-solid, unitized structure that can withstand rough fishing and hard work. Because of this, we back it with the TRACKER Promisethe best factory warranty in aluminum boats. Backed by the TRACKER® Promisethe best factory warranty in aluminum boats 100% aluminum, wood-free construction Our largest jon boat, w/a huge capacity for fishing, hunting & working Exclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnels Exclusive Forest Green powder-coat finish w/Sure Tread for extreme durability 7° deadrise, all-welded Mod V hull for great handling & a smoother, drier ride Stringer system & transom welded into the .100 5052 aluminum alloy hull Welded-in, foam-filled interior side walls for quieter ride & structural strength 2 built-in seat pedestal bases & under-deck storage Flotation meets or exceeds NMMA & U.S. Coast Guard requirements Features: 18' 1" long & 7' wide, w/huge load capacity for fishing, hunting, or working Exclusive VERSATRACK® accessory mounting channel in gunnel Exclusive Forest Green powder-coat finish for extreme durability 7° deadrise, all-welded Mod V hull for better handling & a smoother, drier ride Backed by the TRACKER PromiseBest Factory Warranty in Aluminum Boats Welded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for a unitized hull Welded-in, foam-filled interior side walls for quieter ride & structural strength 2 built-in seat pedestal bases for a variety of seating options Flotation meets or exceeds NMMA & U.S. Coast Guard requirements Optional Grassland or Woodland camouflage patterns

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-175 Combo

$26,555

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Pro Guide V-175 Combo

Category Aluminum Fishing Boats

Length 18'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-175 Combo Our most versatile and popular 17’ aluminum Deep V is packed with fishing and recreational features—whether you’re chasing walleye in a rough-water northern lake or cruising and tubing with the family in a big southern reservoir, this is the boat that can do it all.Built on our legendary 35° deadrise Deep V hull with reversed chines for a smooth, dry ride, the TRACKER® Pro Guide™ V-175 Combo glides through the chop with ease. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsWraparound, walk-thru windshield, cushioned bow back rests, 2 aft jump seats & a ski tow pylonBow 19-gal. livewell w/removable bait bucket & dual 8’ side-cockpit rod storage • All-welded, 35° deadrise, .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beam • 2 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/6 seat base locations • Exclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnels • Welded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for rugged durability • Easy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decks • Exclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-175 SC

Request Price

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Pro Guide V-175 SC

Category Fishing Boats

Length 17'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-175 SC The TRACKER® Pro Guide™ V-175 SC is a big boat for big water and big fish—and with an outboard capacity of 115 HP, it can get you into the fish and out of the weather in a hurry. The side-console design leaves plenty of room in the deep cockpit for 360° fishing, and there's lots of storage for rods and gear.The Deep V hull has a deep 35° bow deadrise and a welded-in full-length stringer system that unitizes the transom and hull—all this means a smooth and solid ride, designed to keep you and your crew dry and comfortable. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsWide-open cockpit with an easy-to-drive side-console designAll-welded, 35° deadrise, .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beam2 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/6 seat base locationsExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsWelded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for rugged durabilityEasy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decksExclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksAft 29-gal. & bow 19-gal. aerated, recirculating livewells w/removable bait buckets & pump-out systemsFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Tracker Grizzly 1548 MVX Sportsman

$10,565

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Grizzly 1548 MVX Sportsman

Category Jon Boats

Length 16'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Grizzly 1548 MVX Sportsman The all-welded TRACKER® GRIZZLY® 1548 MVX Sportsman is built for waterfowl hunting, but it's great for fishing and bowfishing, too. It sports a lockable and removable starboard gun box, a port rod/gear box and integrated sponsons at the transom to improve shallow water performance.100% aluminum construction with a .100 hull and .190 floor guarantees durability, and the hull, stringer, transom and decks are all-welded to for a rock-solid, unitized structure that can withstand rough fishing and hard work. Because of this, we back it with the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats. Available in optional Woodland or new Grassland camo patterns.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsNew for 2017—100% aluminum, wood-free constructionLockable, removable starboard gun box & port storage boxExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnels7° deadrise, all-welded Mod V hull for great handling & a smooth, drier rideStringer system & transom welded into the .100 5052 aluminum alloy hullWelded-in, foam-filled interior side walls for quieter ride & structural strengthExclusive Forest Green powder-coat finish w/Sure Tread™ for extreme durabilityAvailable in optional Grassland or NEW Woodland camo patternCustom matched trailer w/GALVASHIELD® corrosion protection

2017 Tracker Topper 1236 Riveted Jon

$649

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Topper 1236 Riveted Jon

Category Jon Boats

Length 12'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Topper 1236 Riveted Jon The TRACKER® Topper 1236 Jon boat is easy to transport on top of a car or in a truck bed—and it can still accommodate two anglers and their gear! It also features a wider, 36" bottom for added stability. Crafted from rugged 5052 aluminum alloy, the Topper 1236 is backed by a 3-year structural limited warranty, ensuring the quality TRACKER is known for. The stable and compact 1236 is reinforced with transverse extruded aluminum ribs, pressed-in strakes, corner transom braces, underseat foam for flotation and a durable powder-coat finish. With this versatile and lightweight boat, you'll be able to enjoy the great outdoors anytime, anywhere. An optional trailer with GALVASHIELD® protection is available.3-year limited warranty on riveted structureDurable Forest Green powder-coat finish for good looks & long lifeFlat bottom riveted aluminum hull.050 gauge 5052 marine aluminum alloyPressed-in chines for strength & tracking stabilityCorner braces at transom2 bench seats (center & aft)Underseat foam for flotationBow & stern handles for liftingAvailable w/optional GALVASHIELD® trailer

2017 Tracker Targa V-18 Combo

$32,785

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Targa V-18 Combo

Category Ski And Fish Boats

Length 19'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Targa V-18 Combo The multi-talented Targa™ V-18 Combo has something for everyone. It's ready for trolling, skiing, casting or tubing—anything a fun-loving family or serious northern angler could want.For fishing, you get two aerated livewells, a Minn Kota® 24-volt trolling motor with foot pedal storage, a Lowrance® fishfinder and plenty of compartments for securing rods and gear. For fun, it's equipped with a removable ski/tow pylon, bow padded backrests, two folding jump seats and a Bluetooth®-capable stereo.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsWraparound, walk-thru windshield, cushioned bow seating, 2 aft jump seats & ski tow pylonDual 8’ in-gunnel rod storage w/rubberized grip panels on extra-wide gunnel topsAll-welded, 35°-deadrise, .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beamFixed driver’s seat & 3 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/6 seat base locationsExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsWelded-in longitudinal stringer system and transom for rugged durabilityEasy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decksExclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom matched trailer w/GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion/chip protection And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats—because we've built it with the same dedication to quality we put into all of our boats.

2017 Tracker Topper 1436 Riveted Jon

$709

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Topper 1436 Riveted Jon

Category Jon Boats

Length 14'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Topper 1436 Riveted Jon The TRACKER® Topper 1436 Jon Boat is our lightest 3-angler aluminum boat. It’s reinforced with aft foam boxes, corner braces at transom and aluminum ribs that extend up sidewalls for strength—so it's tough enough for a ride in the back of the truck down an old dirt road to your secret fishin' hole! The Topper 1436 features center and aft bench seats and a bow platform, with plenty of room for gear inside. The Forest Green powder-coat will protect your boat from corrosion for years of service life, and it’s backed by a 3-year structural limited warranty, ensuring the quality TRACKER is known for. An optional trailer with GALVASHIELD® protection is available.3-year limited warranty on riveted structureDurable Forest Green powder-coat finish for good looks & long lifeFlat-bottom, solidly riveted aluminum hull.050 gauge 5052 marine aluminum alloyPressed-in longitudinal corrugation for strengthCorner braces at transom2 bench seats (center & aft)Under-seat foam flotationBow & stern handles for liftingAvailable w/optional GALVASHIELD® trailer

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-16 SC

$19,495

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Pro Guide V-16 SC

Category Fishing Boats

Length 16'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Pro Guide V-16 SC A quality Deep V aluminum fishing boat that's equipped for all types of fish and built to handle just about any type of water. With a generous 88” beam and a deep 35° deadrise, it slices through the chop while providing wide-bodied stability for maximum fishability and interior room.Inside this boat, motor and trailer package, you'll find lots of storage for rods and gear, plus a 23-gallon divided, aerated livewell in the bow deck. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsA rugged & versatile multi-species Deep V for all types of waterAll-welded, 35° deadrise, .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beam3 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/6 seat base locationsExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsWelded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for rugged durabilityEasy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decksExclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksBow 23-gal. aerated, timed, recirculating, divided livewell w/removable bait bucket & pump-out systemFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Tracker Super Guide V-16 SC

$14,295

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Super Guide V-16 SC

Category Aluminum Fishing Boats

Length 16'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Super Guide V-16 SC The nimble yet stable TRACKER® Super Guide™ V-16 SC aluminum fishing boat is your best value for a side console-equipped Deep V—and it has in all the features you need for a successful fishing trip.This boat, motor and trailer package is packed with fishing features, so whether you're casting for bass or trolling for walleye, you'll have everything you need. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsOur best value in a side-console Deep V, built w/the same quality as all our boatsAll-welded, 2-piece .100 aluminum Deep V hull w/a wide, stable beam2 movable, 360°-swivel & lock, folding fishing seats w/5 seat base locationsExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsWelded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for rugged durabilityEasy-clean vinyl cockpit floor & carpeted fore & aft decksExclusive Diamond Coat™ finish w/powder coat & clearcoat for long-lasting good looksBow 15-gal. aerated livewell w/timer, standpipe overflow & removable bait bucketFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability

2017 Sun Tracker Bass Buggy 16 DLX

$18,460

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Sun Tracker

Model Bass Buggy 16 DLX

Category Pontoon Boats

Length 16'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Sun Tracker Bass Buggy 16 DLX Fishing and Fun for Seven.With all the fishing features you and your crew need to catch the big ones, the BASS BUGGY 16 DLX is ready for fun!Families who want a fishing boat large enough for everyone to enjoy should look no further than the BASS BUGGY® 16 DLX. Like a true fishing boat, it delivers designated fishing positions and an aerated livewell. And as a family fun boat, it features a comfortable aft L-lounge, deep storage and a Bimini top.And despite it being large enough for seven, the BASS BUGGY 16 DLX fits its many great features into a 16' (4.88 m) overall length, ensuring it’s nimble and easy to handle, tow and stow.Industry-leading 10+LIFE™ warranty24" (60.96 cm) diameter multichambered pontoon logsBuilt-in Rail-Lock™ system for mounting optional mooring coverBow fishing position w/NEW fold-down fishing chairs9-gal. (34.07 L) forward-console aerated livewell w/padded cushionPort pull-out boarding ladderEasy-to-clean flooring throughoutConsole w/drink & rod holdersL-lounge w/NEW upholstery & underseat storageColor-keyed 6' (1.83 m) Bimini top

2017 Tracker Guide V-16 Laker DLX T

$13,445

Manteca, California

Year 2017

Make Tracker

Model Guide V-16 Laker DLX T

Category Fishing Boats

Length 16'

Posted Over 1 Month

2017 Tracker Guide V-16 Laker DLX T The TRACKER® Guide V-16 Laker DLX T is rugged and ready to fish or work, with an open, roomy interior thanks to the tiller-drive design. Built with the same uncompromising quality features as our bigger Deep V boats, it’s capable on any kind of water, fishing for any kind of fish.With easy-to-clean vinyl floors and decks, storage for rods and gear, a movable fishing seat, and a fixed driver’s seat, the Laker is as easy to own as it is to fish. And it's backed by the TRACKER Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boats.Backed by the TRACKER® Promise—the best factory warranty in aluminum boatsA rugged fishing boat w/a tiller-controlled outboard for maximum interior space8° deadrise, all-welded Deep V hull for better handling & a smooth, drier rideWelded-in longitudinal stringer system & transom for a unitized hullExclusive VERSATRACK® accessory-mounting channel in gunnelsNEW Light Charcoal Diamond Coat™ finish w/Cool Grey bottomFixed driver’s seat plus a folding, movable fishing seat w/pedestal bases in cockpit & bow deck15 gal. aerated bow livewell w/removable bait bucketEasy-to-clean vinyl flooring throughout the interiorFactory rigged w/a Mercury® outboard, Minn Kota® trolling motor, Lowrance® fishfinder & custom-matched trailer w/NEW GALVASHIELD® Impact corrosion protection for improved durability